754 lines
31 KiBLFS
TeX
754 lines
31 KiBLFS
TeX
% ****** Start of file apssamp.tex ******
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%
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% This file is part of the APS files in the REVTeX 4.2 distribution.
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% Version 4.2a of REVTeX, December 2014
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%
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% Copyright (c) 2014 The American Physical Society.
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%
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% See the REVTeX 4 README file for restrictions and more information.
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%
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% TeX'ing this file requires that you have AMS-LaTeX 2.0 installed
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% as well as the rest of the prerequisites for REVTeX 4.2
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%
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% See the REVTeX 4 README file
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% It also requires running BibTeX. The commands are as follows:
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%
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% 1) latex apssamp.tex
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% 2) bibtex apssamp
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% 3) latex apssamp.tex
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% 4) latex apssamp.tex
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%
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\documentclass[%
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reprint,
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%superscriptaddress,
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%groupedaddress,
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%unsortedaddress,
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%runinaddress,
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%frontmatterverbose,
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%preprint,
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%preprintnumbers,
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%nofootinbib,
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%nobibnotes,
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%bibnotes,
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amsmath,amssymb,
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aps,
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%pra,
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%prb,
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%rmp,
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%prstab,
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%prstper,
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%floatfix,
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]{revtex4-2}
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\usepackage{graphicx}% Include figure files
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\usepackage{dcolumn}% Align table columns on decimal point
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\usepackage{bm}% bold math
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%\usepackage{hyperref}% add hypertext capabilities
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%\usepackage[mathlines]{lineno}% Enable numbering of text and display math
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%\linenumbers\relax % Commence numbering lines
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%\usepackage[showframe,%Uncomment any one of the following lines to test
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%%scale=0.7, marginratio={1:1, 2:3}, ignoreall,% default settings
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%%text={7in,10in},centering,
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%%margin=1.5in,
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%%total={6.5in,8.75in}, top=1.2in, left=0.9in, includefoot,
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%%height=10in,a5paper,hmargin={3cm,0.8in},
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%]{geometry}
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\begin{document}
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\preprint{APS/123-QED}
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\title{Manuscript Title:\\with Forced Linebreak}% Force line breaks with \\
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\thanks{A footnote to the article title}%
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\author{Ann Author}
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\altaffiliation[Also at ]{Physics Department, XYZ University.}%Lines break automatically or can be forced with \\
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\author{Second Author}%
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\email{Second.Author@institution.edu}
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\affiliation{%
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Authors' institution and/or address\\
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This line break forced with \textbackslash\textbackslash
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}%
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\collaboration{MUSO Collaboration}%\noaffiliation
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\author{Charlie Author}
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\homepage{http://www.Second.institution.edu/~Charlie.Author}
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\affiliation{
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Second institution and/or address\\
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This line break forced% with \\
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}%
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\affiliation{
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Third institution, the second for Charlie Author
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}%
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\author{Delta Author}
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\affiliation{%
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Authors' institution and/or address\\
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This line break forced with \textbackslash\textbackslash
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}%
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\collaboration{CLEO Collaboration}%\noaffiliation
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\date{\today}% It is always \today, today,
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% but any date may be explicitly specified
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\begin{abstract}
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An article usually includes an abstract, a concise summary of the work
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covered at length in the main body of the article.
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\begin{description}
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\item[Usage]
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Secondary publications and information retrieval purposes.
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\item[Structure]
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You may use the \texttt{description} environment to structure your abstract;
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use the optional argument of the \verb+\item+ command to give the category of each item.
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\end{description}
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\end{abstract}
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%\keywords{Suggested keywords}%Use showkeys class option if keyword
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%display desired
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\maketitle
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%\tableofcontents
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\section{\label{sec:level1}First-level heading:\protect\\ The line
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break was forced \lowercase{via} \textbackslash\textbackslash}
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This sample document demonstrates proper use of REV\TeX~4.2 (and
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\LaTeXe) in mansucripts prepared for submission to APS
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journals. Further information can be found in the REV\TeX~4.2
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documentation included in the distribution or available at
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\url{http://journals.aps.org/revtex/}.
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When commands are referred to in this example file, they are always
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shown with their required arguments, using normal \TeX{} format. In
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this format, \verb+#1+, \verb+#2+, etc. stand for required
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author-supplied arguments to commands. For example, in
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\verb+\section{#1}+ the \verb+#1+ stands for the title text of the
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author's section heading, and in \verb+\title{#1}+ the \verb+#1+
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stands for the title text of the paper.
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Line breaks in section headings at all levels can be introduced using
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\textbackslash\textbackslash. A blank input line tells \TeX\ that the
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paragraph has ended. Note that top-level section headings are
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automatically uppercased. If a specific letter or word should appear in
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lowercase instead, you must escape it using \verb+\lowercase{#1}+ as
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in the word ``via'' above.
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\subsection{\label{sec:level2}Second-level heading: Formatting}
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This file may be formatted in either the \texttt{preprint} or
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\texttt{reprint} style. \texttt{reprint} format mimics final journal output.
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Either format may be used for submission purposes. \texttt{letter} sized paper should
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be used when submitting to APS journals.
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\subsubsection{Wide text (A level-3 head)}
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The \texttt{widetext} environment will make the text the width of the
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full page, as on page~\pageref{eq:wideeq}. (Note the use the
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\verb+\pageref{#1}+ command to refer to the page number.)
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\paragraph{Note (Fourth-level head is run in)}
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The width-changing commands only take effect in two-column formatting.
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There is no effect if text is in a single column.
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\subsection{\label{sec:citeref}Citations and References}
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A citation in text uses the command \verb+\cite{#1}+ or
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\verb+\onlinecite{#1}+ and refers to an entry in the bibliography.
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An entry in the bibliography is a reference to another document.
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\subsubsection{Citations}
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Because REV\TeX\ uses the \verb+natbib+ package of Patrick Daly,
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the entire repertoire of commands in that package are available for your document;
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see the \verb+natbib+ documentation for further details. Please note that
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REV\TeX\ requires version 8.31a or later of \verb+natbib+.
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\paragraph{Syntax}
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The argument of \verb+\cite+ may be a single \emph{key},
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or may consist of a comma-separated list of keys.
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The citation \emph{key} may contain
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letters, numbers, the dash (-) character, or the period (.) character.
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New with natbib 8.3 is an extension to the syntax that allows for
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a star (*) form and two optional arguments on the citation key itself.
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The syntax of the \verb+\cite+ command is thus (informally stated)
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\begin{quotation}\flushleft\leftskip1em
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\verb+\cite+ \verb+{+ \emph{key} \verb+}+, or\\
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\verb+\cite+ \verb+{+ \emph{optarg+key} \verb+}+, or\\
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\verb+\cite+ \verb+{+ \emph{optarg+key} \verb+,+ \emph{optarg+key}\ldots \verb+}+,
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\end{quotation}\noindent
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where \emph{optarg+key} signifies
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\begin{quotation}\flushleft\leftskip1em
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\emph{key}, or\\
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\texttt{*}\emph{key}, or\\
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\texttt{[}\emph{pre}\texttt{]}\emph{key}, or\\
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\texttt{[}\emph{pre}\texttt{]}\texttt{[}\emph{post}\texttt{]}\emph{key}, or even\\
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\texttt{*}\texttt{[}\emph{pre}\texttt{]}\texttt{[}\emph{post}\texttt{]}\emph{key}.
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\end{quotation}\noindent
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where \emph{pre} and \emph{post} is whatever text you wish to place
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at the beginning and end, respectively, of the bibliographic reference
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(see Ref.~[\onlinecite{witten2001}] and the two under Ref.~[\onlinecite{feyn54}]).
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(Keep in mind that no automatic space or punctuation is applied.)
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It is highly recommended that you put the entire \emph{pre} or \emph{post} portion
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within its own set of braces, for example:
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\verb+\cite+ \verb+{+ \texttt{[} \verb+{+\emph{text}\verb+}+\texttt{]}\emph{key}\verb+}+.
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The extra set of braces will keep \LaTeX\ out of trouble if your \emph{text} contains the comma (,) character.
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The star (*) modifier to the \emph{key} signifies that the reference is to be
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merged with the previous reference into a single bibliographic entry,
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a common idiom in APS and AIP articles (see below, Ref.~[\onlinecite{epr}]).
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When references are merged in this way, they are separated by a semicolon instead of
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the period (full stop) that would otherwise appear.
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\paragraph{Eliding repeated information}
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When a reference is merged, some of its fields may be elided: for example,
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when the author matches that of the previous reference, it is omitted.
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If both author and journal match, both are omitted.
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If the journal matches, but the author does not, the journal is replaced by \emph{ibid.},
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as exemplified by Ref.~[\onlinecite{epr}].
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These rules embody common editorial practice in APS and AIP journals and will only
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be in effect if the markup features of the APS and AIP Bib\TeX\ styles is employed.
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\paragraph{The options of the cite command itself}
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Please note that optional arguments to the \emph{key} change the reference in the bibliography,
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not the citation in the body of the document.
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For the latter, use the optional arguments of the \verb+\cite+ command itself:
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\verb+\cite+ \texttt{*}\allowbreak
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\texttt{[}\emph{pre-cite}\texttt{]}\allowbreak
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\texttt{[}\emph{post-cite}\texttt{]}\allowbreak
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\verb+{+\emph{key-list}\verb+}+.
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\subsubsection{Example citations}
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By default, citations are numerical\cite{Beutler1994}.
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Author-year citations are used when the journal is RMP.
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To give a textual citation, use \verb+\onlinecite{#1}+:
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Refs.~\onlinecite{[][{, and references therein}]witten2001,Bire82}.
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By default, the \texttt{natbib} package automatically sorts your citations into numerical order and ``compresses'' runs of three or more consecutive numerical citations.
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REV\TeX\ provides the ability to automatically change the punctuation when switching between journal styles that provide citations in square brackets and those that use a superscript style instead. This is done through the \texttt{citeautoscript} option. For instance, the journal style \texttt{prb} automatically invokes this option because \textit{Physical
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Review B} uses superscript-style citations. The effect is to move the punctuation, which normally comes after a citation in square brackets, to its proper position before the superscript.
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To illustrate, we cite several together
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\cite{[See the explanation of time travel in ]feyn54,*[The classical relativistic treatment of ][ is a relative classic]epr,witten2001,Berman1983,Davies1998,Bire82},
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and once again in different order (Refs.~\cite{epr,feyn54,Bire82,Berman1983,witten2001,Davies1998}).
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Note that the citations were both compressed and sorted. Futhermore, running this sample file under the \texttt{prb} option will move the punctuation to the correct place.
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When the \verb+prb+ class option is used, the \verb+\cite{#1}+ command
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displays the reference's number as a superscript rather than in
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square brackets. Note that the location of the \verb+\cite{#1}+
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command should be adjusted for the reference style: the superscript
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references in \verb+prb+ style must appear after punctuation;
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otherwise the reference must appear before any punctuation. This
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sample was written for the regular (non-\texttt{prb}) citation style.
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The command \verb+\onlinecite{#1}+ in the \texttt{prb} style also
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displays the reference on the baseline.
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\subsubsection{References}
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A reference in the bibliography is specified by a \verb+\bibitem{#1}+ command
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with the same argument as the \verb+\cite{#1}+ command.
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\verb+\bibitem{#1}+ commands may be crafted by hand or, preferably,
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generated by Bib\TeX.
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REV\TeX~4.2 includes Bib\TeX\ style files
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\verb+apsrev4-2.bst+, \verb+apsrmp4-2.bst+ appropriate for
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\textit{Physical Review} and \textit{Reviews of Modern Physics},
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respectively.
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\subsubsection{Example references}
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This sample file employs the \verb+\bibliography+ command,
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which formats the \texttt{\jobname .bbl} file
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and specifies which bibliographic databases are to be used by Bib\TeX\
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(one of these should be by arXiv convention \texttt{\jobname .bib}).
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Running Bib\TeX\ (via \texttt{bibtex \jobname})
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after the first pass of \LaTeX\ produces the file
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\texttt{\jobname .bbl} which contains the automatically formatted
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\verb+\bibitem+ commands (including extra markup information via
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\verb+\bibinfo+ and \verb+\bibfield+ commands).
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If not using Bib\TeX, you will have to create the \verb+thebibiliography+ environment
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and its \verb+\bibitem+ commands by hand.
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Numerous examples of the use of the APS bibliographic entry types appear in the bibliography of this sample document.
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You can refer to the \texttt{\jobname .bib} file,
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and compare its information to the formatted bibliography itself.
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\subsection{Footnotes}%
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Footnotes, produced using the \verb+\footnote{#1}+ command,
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usually integrated into the bibliography alongside the other entries.
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Numerical citation styles do this%
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\footnote{Automatically placing footnotes into the bibliography requires using BibTeX to compile the bibliography.};
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author-year citation styles place the footnote at the bottom of the text column.
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Note: due to the method used to place footnotes in the bibliography,
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\emph{you must re-run Bib\TeX\ every time you change any of your document's footnotes}.
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\section{Math and Equations}
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Inline math may be typeset using the \verb+$+ delimiters. Bold math
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symbols may be achieved using the \verb+bm+ package and the
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\verb+\bm{#1}+ command it supplies. For instance, a bold $\alpha$ can
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be typeset as \verb+$\bm{\alpha}$+ giving $\bm{\alpha}$. Fraktur and
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Blackboard (or open face or double struck) characters should be
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typeset using the \verb+\mathfrak{#1}+ and \verb+\mathbb{#1}+ commands
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respectively. Both are supplied by the \texttt{amssymb} package. For
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example, \verb+$\mathbb{R}$+ gives $\mathbb{R}$ and
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\verb+$\mathfrak{G}$+ gives $\mathfrak{G}$
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In \LaTeX\ there are many different ways to display equations, and a
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few preferred ways are noted below. Displayed math will center by
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default. Use the class option \verb+fleqn+ to flush equations left.
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Below we have numbered single-line equations; this is the most common
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type of equation in \textit{Physical Review}:
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\begin{eqnarray}
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\chi_+(p)\alt{\bf [}2|{\bf p}|(|{\bf p}|+p_z){\bf ]}^{-1/2}
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\left(
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\begin{array}{c}
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|{\bf p}|+p_z\\
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px+ip_y
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\end{array}\right)\;,
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\\
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\left\{%
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\openone234567890abc123\alpha\beta\gamma\delta1234556\alpha\beta
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\frac{1\sum^{a}_{b}}{A^2}%
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\right\}%
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\label{eq:one}.
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\end{eqnarray}
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Note the open one in Eq.~(\ref{eq:one}).
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Not all numbered equations will fit within a narrow column this
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way. The equation number will move down automatically if it cannot fit
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on the same line with a one-line equation:
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\begin{equation}
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\left\{
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ab12345678abc123456abcdef\alpha\beta\gamma\delta1234556\alpha\beta
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\frac{1\sum^{a}_{b}}{A^2}%
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\right\}.
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\end{equation}
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When the \verb+\label{#1}+ command is used [cf. input for
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Eq.~(\ref{eq:one})], the equation can be referred to in text without
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knowing the equation number that \TeX\ will assign to it. Just
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use \verb+\ref{#1}+, where \verb+#1+ is the same name that used in
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the \verb+\label{#1}+ command.
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Unnumbered single-line equations can be typeset
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using the \verb+\[+, \verb+\]+ format:
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\[g^+g^+ \rightarrow g^+g^+g^+g^+ \dots ~,~~q^+q^+\rightarrow
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q^+g^+g^+ \dots ~. \]
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\subsection{Multiline equations}
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Multiline equations are obtained by using the \verb+eqnarray+
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environment. Use the \verb+\nonumber+ command at the end of each line
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to avoid assigning a number:
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\begin{eqnarray}
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{\cal M}=&&ig_Z^2(4E_1E_2)^{1/2}(l_i^2)^{-1}
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\delta_{\sigma_1,-\sigma_2}
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(g_{\sigma_2}^e)^2\chi_{-\sigma_2}(p_2)\nonumber\\
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&&\times
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[\epsilon_jl_i\epsilon_i]_{\sigma_1}\chi_{\sigma_1}(p_1),
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\end{eqnarray}
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\begin{eqnarray}
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\sum \vert M^{\text{viol}}_g \vert ^2&=&g^{2n-4}_S(Q^2)~N^{n-2}
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(N^2-1)\nonumber \\
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& &\times \left( \sum_{i<j}\right)
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\sum_{\text{perm}}
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\frac{1}{S_{12}}
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\frac{1}{S_{12}}
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\sum_\tau c^f_\tau~.
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\end{eqnarray}
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\textbf{Note:} Do not use \verb+\label{#1}+ on a line of a multiline
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equation if \verb+\nonumber+ is also used on that line. Incorrect
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cross-referencing will result. Notice the use \verb+\text{#1}+ for
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using a Roman font within a math environment.
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To set a multiline equation without \emph{any} equation
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numbers, use the \verb+\begin{eqnarray*}+,
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\verb+\end{eqnarray*}+ format:
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\begin{eqnarray*}
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\sum \vert M^{\text{viol}}_g \vert ^2&=&g^{2n-4}_S(Q^2)~N^{n-2}
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(N^2-1)\\
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& &\times \left( \sum_{i<j}\right)
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\left(
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\sum_{\text{perm}}\frac{1}{S_{12}S_{23}S_{n1}}
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\right)
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\frac{1}{S_{12}}~.
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\end{eqnarray*}
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To obtain numbers not normally produced by the automatic numbering,
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use the \verb+\tag{#1}+ command, where \verb+#1+ is the desired
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equation number. For example, to get an equation number of
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(\ref{eq:mynum}),
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\begin{equation}
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g^+g^+ \rightarrow g^+g^+g^+g^+ \dots ~,~~q^+q^+\rightarrow
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q^+g^+g^+ \dots ~. \tag{2.6$'$}\label{eq:mynum}
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\end{equation}
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\paragraph{A few notes on \texttt{tag}s}
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\verb+\tag{#1}+ requires the \texttt{amsmath} package.
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Place the \verb+\tag{#1}+ command before the \verb+\label{#1}+, if any.
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The numbering produced by \verb+\tag{#1}+ \textit{does not affect}
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the automatic numbering in REV\TeX;
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therefore, the number must be known ahead of time,
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and it must be manually adjusted if other equations are added.
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\verb+\tag{#1}+ works with both single-line and multiline equations.
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\verb+\tag{#1}+ should only be used in exceptional cases---%
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do not use it to number many equations in your paper.
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Please note that this feature of the \texttt{amsmath} package
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is \emph{not} compatible with the \texttt{hyperref} (6.77u) package.
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Enclosing display math within
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\verb+\begin{subequations}+ and \verb+\end{subequations}+ will produce
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a set of equations that are labeled with letters, as shown in
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Eqs.~(\ref{subeq:1}) and (\ref{subeq:2}) below.
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You may include any number of single-line and multiline equations,
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although it is probably not a good idea to follow one display math
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directly after another.
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\begin{subequations}
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\label{eq:whole}
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\begin{eqnarray}
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{\cal M}=&&ig_Z^2(4E_1E_2)^{1/2}(l_i^2)^{-1}
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(g_{\sigma_2}^e)^2\chi_{-\sigma_2}(p_2)\nonumber\\
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&&\times
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[\epsilon_i]_{\sigma_1}\chi_{\sigma_1}(p_1).\label{subeq:2}
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\end{eqnarray}
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\begin{equation}
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\left\{
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abc123456abcdef\alpha\beta\gamma\delta1234556\alpha\beta
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\frac{1\sum^{a}_{b}}{A^2}
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\right\},\label{subeq:1}
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\end{equation}
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\end{subequations}
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Giving a \verb+\label{#1}+ command directly after the \verb+\begin{subequations}+,
|
|
allows you to reference all the equations in the \texttt{subequations} environment.
|
|
For example, the equations in the preceding subequations environment were
|
|
Eqs.~(\ref{eq:whole}).
|
|
|
|
\subsubsection{Wide equations}
|
|
The equation that follows is set in a wide format, i.e., it spans the full page.
|
|
The wide format is reserved for long equations
|
|
that cannot easily be set in a single column:
|
|
\begin{widetext}
|
|
\begin{equation}
|
|
{\cal R}^{(\text{d})}=
|
|
g_{\sigma_2}^e
|
|
\left(
|
|
\frac{[\Gamma^Z(3,21)]_{\sigma_1}}{Q_{12}^2-M_W^2}
|
|
+\frac{[\Gamma^Z(13,2)]_{\sigma_1}}{Q_{13}^2-M_W^2}
|
|
\right)
|
|
+ x_WQ_e
|
|
\left(
|
|
\frac{[\Gamma^\gamma(3,21)]_{\sigma_1}}{Q_{12}^2-M_W^2}
|
|
+\frac{[\Gamma^\gamma(13,2)]_{\sigma_1}}{Q_{13}^2-M_W^2}
|
|
\right)\;.
|
|
\label{eq:wideeq}
|
|
\end{equation}
|
|
\end{widetext}
|
|
This is typed to show how the output appears in wide format.
|
|
(Incidentally, since there is no blank line between the \texttt{equation} environment above
|
|
and the start of this paragraph, this paragraph is not indented.)
|
|
|
|
\section{Cross-referencing}
|
|
REV\TeX{} will automatically number such things as
|
|
sections, footnotes, equations, figure captions, and table captions.
|
|
In order to reference them in text, use the
|
|
\verb+\label{#1}+ and \verb+\ref{#1}+ commands.
|
|
To reference a particular page, use the \verb+\pageref{#1}+ command.
|
|
|
|
The \verb+\label{#1}+ should appear
|
|
within the section heading,
|
|
within the footnote text,
|
|
within the equation, or
|
|
within the table or figure caption.
|
|
The \verb+\ref{#1}+ command
|
|
is used in text at the point where the reference is to be displayed.
|
|
Some examples: Section~\ref{sec:level1} on page~\pageref{sec:level1},
|
|
Table~\ref{tab:table1},%
|
|
\begin{table}[b]%The best place to locate the table environment is directly after its first reference in text
|
|
\caption{\label{tab:table1}%
|
|
A table that fits into a single column of a two-column layout.
|
|
Note that REV\TeX~4 adjusts the intercolumn spacing so that the table fills the
|
|
entire width of the column. Table captions are numbered
|
|
automatically.
|
|
This table illustrates left-, center-, decimal- and right-aligned columns,
|
|
along with the use of the \texttt{ruledtabular} environment which sets the
|
|
Scotch (double) rules above and below the alignment, per APS style.
|
|
}
|
|
\begin{ruledtabular}
|
|
\begin{tabular}{lcdr}
|
|
\textrm{Left\footnote{Note a.}}&
|
|
\textrm{Centered\footnote{Note b.}}&
|
|
\multicolumn{1}{c}{\textrm{Decimal}}&
|
|
\textrm{Right}\\
|
|
\colrule
|
|
1 & 2 & 3.001 & 4\\
|
|
10 & 20 & 30 & 40\\
|
|
100 & 200 & 300.0 & 400\\
|
|
\end{tabular}
|
|
\end{ruledtabular}
|
|
\end{table}
|
|
and Fig.~\ref{fig:epsart}.%
|
|
\begin{figure}[b]
|
|
\includegraphics{fig_1}% Here is how to import EPS art
|
|
\caption{\label{fig:epsart} A figure caption. The figure captions are
|
|
automatically numbered.}
|
|
\end{figure}
|
|
|
|
\section{Floats: Figures, Tables, Videos, etc.}
|
|
Figures and tables are usually allowed to ``float'', which means that their
|
|
placement is determined by \LaTeX, while the document is being typeset.
|
|
|
|
Use the \texttt{figure} environment for a figure, the \texttt{table} environment for a table.
|
|
In each case, use the \verb+\caption+ command within to give the text of the
|
|
figure or table caption along with the \verb+\label+ command to provide
|
|
a key for referring to this figure or table.
|
|
The typical content of a figure is an image of some kind;
|
|
that of a table is an alignment.%
|
|
\begin{figure*}
|
|
\includegraphics{fig_2}% Here is how to import EPS art
|
|
\caption{\label{fig:wide}Use the figure* environment to get a wide
|
|
figure that spans the page in \texttt{twocolumn} formatting.}
|
|
\end{figure*}
|
|
\begin{table*}
|
|
\caption{\label{tab:table3}This is a wide table that spans the full page
|
|
width in a two-column layout. It is formatted using the
|
|
\texttt{table*} environment. It also demonstates the use of
|
|
\textbackslash\texttt{multicolumn} in rows with entries that span
|
|
more than one column.}
|
|
\begin{ruledtabular}
|
|
\begin{tabular}{ccccc}
|
|
&\multicolumn{2}{c}{$D_{4h}^1$}&\multicolumn{2}{c}{$D_{4h}^5$}\\
|
|
Ion&1st alternative&2nd alternative&lst alternative
|
|
&2nd alternative\\ \hline
|
|
K&$(2e)+(2f)$&$(4i)$ &$(2c)+(2d)$&$(4f)$ \\
|
|
Mn&$(2g)$\footnote{The $z$ parameter of these positions is $z\sim\frac{1}{4}$.}
|
|
&$(a)+(b)+(c)+(d)$&$(4e)$&$(2a)+(2b)$\\
|
|
Cl&$(a)+(b)+(c)+(d)$&$(2g)$\footnotemark[1]
|
|
&$(4e)^{\text{a}}$\\
|
|
He&$(8r)^{\text{a}}$&$(4j)^{\text{a}}$&$(4g)^{\text{a}}$\\
|
|
Ag& &$(4k)^{\text{a}}$& &$(4h)^{\text{a}}$\\
|
|
\end{tabular}
|
|
\end{ruledtabular}
|
|
\end{table*}
|
|
|
|
Insert an image using either the \texttt{graphics} or
|
|
\texttt{graphix} packages, which define the \verb+\includegraphics{#1}+ command.
|
|
(The two packages differ in respect of the optional arguments
|
|
used to specify the orientation, scaling, and translation of the image.)
|
|
To create an alignment, use the \texttt{tabular} environment.
|
|
|
|
The best place to locate the \texttt{figure} or \texttt{table} environment
|
|
is immediately following its first reference in text; this sample document
|
|
illustrates this practice for Fig.~\ref{fig:epsart}, which
|
|
shows a figure that is small enough to fit in a single column.
|
|
|
|
In exceptional cases, you will need to move the float earlier in the document, as was done
|
|
with Table~\ref{tab:table3}: \LaTeX's float placement algorithms need to know
|
|
about a full-page-width float earlier.
|
|
|
|
Fig.~\ref{fig:wide}
|
|
has content that is too wide for a single column,
|
|
so the \texttt{figure*} environment has been used.%
|
|
\begin{table}[b]
|
|
\caption{\label{tab:table4}%
|
|
Numbers in columns Three--Five are aligned with the ``d'' column specifier
|
|
(requires the \texttt{dcolumn} package).
|
|
Non-numeric entries (those entries without a ``.'') in a ``d'' column are aligned on the decimal point.
|
|
Use the ``D'' specifier for more complex layouts. }
|
|
\begin{ruledtabular}
|
|
\begin{tabular}{ccddd}
|
|
One&Two&
|
|
\multicolumn{1}{c}{\textrm{Three}}&
|
|
\multicolumn{1}{c}{\textrm{Four}}&
|
|
\multicolumn{1}{c}{\textrm{Five}}\\
|
|
%\mbox{Three}&\mbox{Four}&\mbox{Five}\\
|
|
\hline
|
|
one&two&\mbox{three}&\mbox{four}&\mbox{five}\\
|
|
He&2& 2.77234 & 45672. & 0.69 \\
|
|
C\footnote{Some tables require footnotes.}
|
|
&C\footnote{Some tables need more than one footnote.}
|
|
& 12537.64 & 37.66345 & 86.37 \\
|
|
\end{tabular}
|
|
\end{ruledtabular}
|
|
\end{table}
|
|
|
|
The content of a table is typically a \texttt{tabular} environment,
|
|
giving rows of type in aligned columns.
|
|
Column entries separated by \verb+&+'s, and
|
|
each row ends with \textbackslash\textbackslash.
|
|
The required argument for the \texttt{tabular} environment
|
|
specifies how data are aligned in the columns.
|
|
For instance, entries may be centered, left-justified, right-justified, aligned on a decimal
|
|
point.
|
|
Extra column-spacing may be be specified as well,
|
|
although REV\TeX~4 sets this spacing so that the columns fill the width of the
|
|
table. Horizontal rules are typeset using the \verb+\hline+
|
|
command. The doubled (or Scotch) rules that appear at the top and
|
|
bottom of a table can be achieved enclosing the \texttt{tabular}
|
|
environment within a \texttt{ruledtabular} environment. Rows whose
|
|
columns span multiple columns can be typeset using the
|
|
\verb+\multicolumn{#1}{#2}{#3}+ command (for example, see the first
|
|
row of Table~\ref{tab:table3}).%
|
|
|
|
Tables~\ref{tab:table1}, \ref{tab:table3}, \ref{tab:table4}, and \ref{tab:table2}%
|
|
\begin{table}[b]
|
|
\caption{\label{tab:table2}
|
|
A table with numerous columns that still fits into a single column.
|
|
Here, several entries share the same footnote.
|
|
Inspect the \LaTeX\ input for this table to see exactly how it is done.}
|
|
\begin{ruledtabular}
|
|
\begin{tabular}{cccccccc}
|
|
&$r_c$ (\AA)&$r_0$ (\AA)&$\kappa r_0$&
|
|
&$r_c$ (\AA) &$r_0$ (\AA)&$\kappa r_0$\\
|
|
\hline
|
|
Cu& 0.800 & 14.10 & 2.550 &Sn\footnotemark[1]
|
|
& 0.680 & 1.870 & 3.700 \\
|
|
Ag& 0.990 & 15.90 & 2.710 &Pb\footnotemark[2]
|
|
& 0.450 & 1.930 & 3.760 \\
|
|
Au& 1.150 & 15.90 & 2.710 &Ca\footnotemark[3]
|
|
& 0.750 & 2.170 & 3.560 \\
|
|
Mg& 0.490 & 17.60 & 3.200 &Sr\footnotemark[4]
|
|
& 0.900 & 2.370 & 3.720 \\
|
|
Zn& 0.300 & 15.20 & 2.970 &Li\footnotemark[2]
|
|
& 0.380 & 1.730 & 2.830 \\
|
|
Cd& 0.530 & 17.10 & 3.160 &Na\footnotemark[5]
|
|
& 0.760 & 2.110 & 3.120 \\
|
|
Hg& 0.550 & 17.80 & 3.220 &K\footnotemark[5]
|
|
& 1.120 & 2.620 & 3.480 \\
|
|
Al& 0.230 & 15.80 & 3.240 &Rb\footnotemark[3]
|
|
& 1.330 & 2.800 & 3.590 \\
|
|
Ga& 0.310 & 16.70 & 3.330 &Cs\footnotemark[4]
|
|
& 1.420 & 3.030 & 3.740 \\
|
|
In& 0.460 & 18.40 & 3.500 &Ba\footnotemark[5]
|
|
& 0.960 & 2.460 & 3.780 \\
|
|
Tl& 0.480 & 18.90 & 3.550 & & & & \\
|
|
\end{tabular}
|
|
\end{ruledtabular}
|
|
\footnotetext[1]{Here's the first, from Ref.~\onlinecite{feyn54}.}
|
|
\footnotetext[2]{Here's the second.}
|
|
\footnotetext[3]{Here's the third.}
|
|
\footnotetext[4]{Here's the fourth.}
|
|
\footnotetext[5]{And etc.}
|
|
\end{table}
|
|
show various effects.
|
|
A table that fits in a single column employs the \texttt{table}
|
|
environment.
|
|
Table~\ref{tab:table3} is a wide table, set with the \texttt{table*} environment.
|
|
Long tables may need to break across pages.
|
|
The most straightforward way to accomplish this is to specify
|
|
the \verb+[H]+ float placement on the \texttt{table} or
|
|
\texttt{table*} environment.
|
|
However, the \LaTeXe\ package \texttt{longtable} allows headers and footers to be specified for each page of the table.
|
|
A simple example of the use of \texttt{longtable} can be found
|
|
in the file \texttt{summary.tex} that is included with the REV\TeX~4
|
|
distribution.
|
|
|
|
There are two methods for setting footnotes within a table (these
|
|
footnotes will be displayed directly below the table rather than at
|
|
the bottom of the page or in the bibliography). The easiest
|
|
and preferred method is just to use the \verb+\footnote{#1}+
|
|
command. This will automatically enumerate the footnotes with
|
|
lowercase roman letters. However, it is sometimes necessary to have
|
|
multiple entries in the table share the same footnote. In this case,
|
|
there is no choice but to manually create the footnotes using
|
|
\verb+\footnotemark[#1]+ and \verb+\footnotetext[#1]{#2}+.
|
|
\texttt{\#1} is a numeric value. Each time the same value for
|
|
\texttt{\#1} is used, the same mark is produced in the table. The
|
|
\verb+\footnotetext[#1]{#2}+ commands are placed after the \texttt{tabular}
|
|
environment. Examine the \LaTeX\ source and output for
|
|
Tables~\ref{tab:table1} and \ref{tab:table2}
|
|
for examples.
|
|
|
|
Video~\ref{vid:PRSTPER.4.010101}
|
|
illustrates several features new with REV\TeX4.2,
|
|
starting with the \texttt{video} environment, which is in the same category with
|
|
\texttt{figure} and \texttt{table}.%
|
|
\begin{video}
|
|
\href{http://prst-per.aps.org/multimedia/PRSTPER/v4/i1/e010101/e010101_vid1a.mpg}{\includegraphics{vid_1a}}%
|
|
\quad
|
|
\href{http://prst-per.aps.org/multimedia/PRSTPER/v4/i1/e010101/e010101_vid1b.mpg}{\includegraphics{vid_1b}}
|
|
\setfloatlink{http://link.aps.org/multimedia/PRSTPER/v4/i1/e010101}%
|
|
\caption{\label{vid:PRSTPER.4.010101}%
|
|
Students explain their initial idea about Newton's third law to a teaching assistant.
|
|
Clip (a): same force.
|
|
Clip (b): move backwards.
|
|
}%
|
|
\end{video}
|
|
The \verb+\setfloatlink+ command causes the title of the video to be a hyperlink to the
|
|
indicated URL; it may be used with any environment that takes the \verb+\caption+
|
|
command.
|
|
The \verb+\href+ command has the same significance as it does in the context of
|
|
the \texttt{hyperref} package: the second argument is a piece of text to be
|
|
typeset in your document; the first is its hyperlink, a URL.
|
|
|
|
\textit{Physical Review} style requires that the initial citation of
|
|
figures or tables be in numerical order in text, so don't cite
|
|
Fig.~\ref{fig:wide} until Fig.~\ref{fig:epsart} has been cited.
|
|
|
|
\begin{acknowledgments}
|
|
We wish to acknowledge the support of the author community in using
|
|
REV\TeX{}, offering suggestions and encouragement, testing new versions,
|
|
\dots.
|
|
\end{acknowledgments}
|
|
|
|
\appendix
|
|
|
|
\section{Appendixes}
|
|
|
|
To start the appendixes, use the \verb+\appendix+ command.
|
|
This signals that all following section commands refer to appendixes
|
|
instead of regular sections. Therefore, the \verb+\appendix+ command
|
|
should be used only once---to setup the section commands to act as
|
|
appendixes. Thereafter normal section commands are used. The heading
|
|
for a section can be left empty. For example,
|
|
\begin{verbatim}
|
|
\appendix
|
|
\section{}
|
|
\end{verbatim}
|
|
will produce an appendix heading that says ``APPENDIX A'' and
|
|
\begin{verbatim}
|
|
\appendix
|
|
\section{Background}
|
|
\end{verbatim}
|
|
will produce an appendix heading that says ``APPENDIX A: BACKGROUND''
|
|
(note that the colon is set automatically).
|
|
|
|
If there is only one appendix, then the letter ``A'' should not
|
|
appear. This is suppressed by using the star version of the appendix
|
|
command (\verb+\appendix*+ in the place of \verb+\appendix+).
|
|
|
|
\section{A little more on appendixes}
|
|
|
|
Observe that this appendix was started by using
|
|
\begin{verbatim}
|
|
\section{A little more on appendixes}
|
|
\end{verbatim}
|
|
|
|
Note the equation number in an appendix:
|
|
\begin{equation}
|
|
E=mc^2.
|
|
\end{equation}
|
|
|
|
\subsection{\label{app:subsec}A subsection in an appendix}
|
|
|
|
You can use a subsection or subsubsection in an appendix. Note the
|
|
numbering: we are now in Appendix~\ref{app:subsec}.
|
|
|
|
Note the equation numbers in this appendix, produced with the
|
|
subequations environment:
|
|
\begin{subequations}
|
|
\begin{eqnarray}
|
|
E&=&mc, \label{appa}
|
|
\\
|
|
E&=&mc^2, \label{appb}
|
|
\\
|
|
E&\agt& mc^3. \label{appc}
|
|
\end{eqnarray}
|
|
\end{subequations}
|
|
They turn out to be Eqs.~(\ref{appa}), (\ref{appb}), and (\ref{appc}).
|
|
|
|
% The \nocite command causes all entries in a bibliography to be printed out
|
|
% whether or not they are actually referenced in the text. This is appropriate
|
|
% for the sample file to show the different styles of references, but authors
|
|
% most likely will not want to use it.
|
|
\nocite{*}
|
|
|
|
\bibliography{apssamp}% Produces the bibliography via BibTeX.
|
|
|
|
\end{document}
|
|
%
|
|
% ****** End of file apssamp.tex ******
|