From 6116cd95a683f28a597b919496f0e5442fde1021 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: chn Date: Thu, 14 Nov 2024 02:45:14 +0800 Subject: [PATCH] add book --- README.md | 35 ++ ...gle Shockley stacking faults in 4H-SiC.pdf | 3 + SiC/碳化硅晶体材料缺陷图谱.pdf | 3 + SiC/碳化硅晶体生长与缺陷.pdf | 3 + ... and characterize 4H-SiC stacking faults.pdf | 3 + ...nalysis of silicon carbide monofilaments.pdf | 3 + ...n doped β‐SiC crystals by Raman scattering.pdf | 3 + ...ive method to identify rare subgroup SiC.pdf | 3 + ...cterization of ion-implanted SiC crystals.md | 6 + ...terization of ion-implanted SiC crystals.pdf | 3 + ...ing faults in 6H-SiC by Raman scattering.pdf | 3 + ... the Raman Scattering of 6H-SiC Crystals.pdf | 3 + ...n the Raman scattering of 6H-SiC crystals.md | 0 ... the Raman scattering of 6H-SiC crystals.pdf | 3 + ...n scattering from semi-insulating 4H-SiC.pdf | 3 + ...ling of nitrogen-related complexes in SiC.md | 1 + ...ing of nitrogen-related complexes in SiC.pdf | 3 + ...aman scattering in heavily doped silicon.pdf | 3 + 拉曼/Light Scattering in Solids I.md | 2 + ...l phonons Raman spectra of p-type GaAs Zn.md | 21 +- ...C by deep ultraviolet Raman spectroscopy.pdf | 3 + ...anadium and Nitrogen Doped 4H and 6H-SiC.pdf | 3 + ...-insulating 4H-SiC by Raman spectroscopy.pdf | 3 + ...n- and nitrogen-doped 6H silicon carbide.pdf | 3 + ... and defect properties of 3C-SiC Si (001).md | 1 + 拉曼/Raman Investigation of SiC Polytypes.pdf | 3 + ...nic Excitations in n-Type Silicon Carbide.md | 9 + ...ic Excitations in n-Type Silicon Carbide.pdf | 3 + 拉曼/Raman Scattering in Materials Science.md | 43 +++ ...Raman scattering characterization on SiC.pdf | 3 + ... on phonon anisotropic properties of SiC.pdf | 3 + ...th ripple formation on single-crystal SiC.md | 2 + ...h ripple formation on single-crystal SiC.pdf | 3 + ...copy study of heavy-ion-irradiated α-SiC.pdf | 3 + ...nitrogen defect levels in silicon carbide.md | 15 + ...itrogen defect levels in silicon carbide.pdf | 3 + ...f doped SiC wafers by Raman spectroscopy.pdf | 3 + ...h different nitrogen donor concentrations.md | 2 + ... different nitrogen donor concentrations.pdf | 3 + ...oron doped diamond β-SiC composite films.pdf | 3 + ...SiC with different carrier concentration.pdf | 3 + 拉曼/The Quantum Theory of Radiation.md | 357 ++++++++++++++++++ 拉曼/The Raman effect in crystals.md | 3 + ...Si ion implantation and Al concentration.pdf | 3 + 拉曼/n-SiC拉曼散射光谱的温度特性.md | 6 + 拉曼/n-SiC拉曼散射光谱的温度特性.pdf | 3 + 拉曼/n-SiC的电子拉曼散射及二级拉曼谱研究.md | 16 + 拉曼/n-SiC的电子拉曼散射及二级拉曼谱研究.pdf | 3 + 拉曼/碳化硅单晶抛光片.md | 2 + 拉曼/碳化硅单晶抛光片.pdf | 3 + 50 files changed, 618 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) create mode 100644 SiC/Machine-learning enhanced thermal stability investigation of single Shockley stacking faults in 4H-SiC.pdf create mode 100644 SiC/碳化硅晶体材料缺陷图谱.pdf create mode 100644 SiC/碳化硅晶体生长与缺陷.pdf create mode 100644 拉曼/A novel micro-Raman technique to detect and characterize 4H-SiC stacking faults.pdf create mode 100644 拉曼/Application of Raman microscopy to the analysis of silicon carbide monofilaments.pdf create mode 100644 拉曼/Characterization of the free‐carrier concentrations in doped β‐SiC crystals by Raman scattering.pdf create mode 100644 拉曼/Coordinated EDX and micro-Raman analysis of presolar silicon carbide: A novel, nondestructive method to identify rare subgroup SiC.pdf create mode 100644 拉曼/Deep ultraviolet Raman scattering characterization of ion-implanted SiC crystals.md create mode 100644 拉曼/Deep ultraviolet Raman scattering characterization of ion-implanted SiC crystals.pdf create mode 100644 拉曼/Detection of stacking faults in 6H-SiC by Raman scattering.pdf create mode 100644 拉曼/Effect of Impurities on the Raman Scattering of 6H-SiC Crystals.pdf create mode 100644 拉曼/Effect of doping on the Raman scattering of 6H-SiC crystals.md create mode 100644 拉曼/Effect of doping on the Raman scattering of 6H-SiC crystals.pdf create mode 100644 拉曼/First- and second-order Raman scattering from semi-insulating 4H-SiC.pdf create mode 100644 拉曼/Formation and annealing of nitrogen-related complexes in SiC.md create mode 100644 拉曼/Formation and annealing of nitrogen-related complexes in SiC.pdf create mode 100644 拉曼/Interaction between electronic and vibronic Raman scattering in heavily doped silicon.pdf create mode 100644 拉曼/Light Scattering in Solids I.md create mode 100644 拉曼/Observation of surface polarity dependent phonons in SiC by deep ultraviolet Raman spectroscopy.pdf create mode 100644 拉曼/Optical Properties of Vanadium and Nitrogen Doped 4H and 6H-SiC.pdf create mode 100644 拉曼/Photoexcited carrier dynamics in semi-insulating 4H-SiC by Raman spectroscopy.pdf create mode 100644 拉曼/Photoluminescence and Raman spectroscopy characterization of boron- and nitrogen-doped 6H silicon carbide.pdf create mode 100644 拉曼/Probing optical phonon thermal and defect properties of 3C-SiC Si (001).md create mode 100644 拉曼/Raman Investigation of SiC Polytypes.pdf create mode 100644 拉曼/Raman Scattering from Electronic Excitations in n-Type Silicon Carbide.md create mode 100644 拉曼/Raman Scattering from Electronic Excitations in n-Type Silicon Carbide.pdf create mode 100644 拉曼/Raman Scattering in Materials Science.md create mode 100644 拉曼/Raman scattering characterization on SiC.pdf create mode 100644 拉曼/Raman scattering study on phonon anisotropic properties of SiC.pdf create mode 100644 拉曼/Raman spectroscopic study of femtosecond laser-induced phase transformation associated with ripple formation on single-crystal SiC.md create mode 100644 拉曼/Raman spectroscopic study of femtosecond laser-induced phase transformation associated with ripple formation on single-crystal SiC.pdf create mode 100644 拉曼/Raman spectroscopy study of heavy-ion-irradiated α-SiC.pdf create mode 100644 拉曼/Resonance enhancement of electronic Raman scattering from nitrogen defect levels in silicon carbide.md create mode 100644 拉曼/Resonance enhancement of electronic Raman scattering from nitrogen defect levels in silicon carbide.pdf create mode 100644 拉曼/Spatial characterization of doped SiC wafers by Raman spectroscopy.pdf create mode 100644 拉曼/Spin exchange dynamics in 4H SiC monocrystals with different nitrogen donor concentrations.md create mode 100644 拉曼/Spin exchange dynamics in 4H SiC monocrystals with different nitrogen donor concentrations.pdf create mode 100644 拉曼/Synthesis and characterization of boron doped diamond β-SiC composite films.pdf create mode 100644 拉曼/Temperature dependence of Raman scattering in bulk 4H-SiC with different carrier concentration.pdf create mode 100644 拉曼/Wetting and interfacial behavior of CueAl SiC systems: Influences of Si ion implantation and Al concentration.pdf create mode 100644 拉曼/n-SiC拉曼散射光谱的温度特性.md create mode 100644 拉曼/n-SiC拉曼散射光谱的温度特性.pdf create mode 100644 拉曼/n-SiC的电子拉曼散射及二级拉曼谱研究.md create mode 100644 拉曼/n-SiC的电子拉曼散射及二级拉曼谱研究.pdf create mode 100644 拉曼/碳化硅单晶抛光片.md create mode 100644 拉曼/碳化硅单晶抛光片.pdf diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index e69de29..b26d685 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -0,0 +1,35 @@ +* 2014 碳化硅单晶抛光片 +* 2008 Characterization of defects in silicon carbide by Raman spectroscopy + * ? +* 2011 Determination of the transport properties in 4H-SiC wafers by Raman scattering measurement + * ? +* 1997 Light scattering by a multicomponent plasma coupled with longitudinal-optical phonons: Raman spectra of p-type GaAs:Zn + * ? +* 2008 n-SiC 的电子拉曼散射及二级拉曼谱研究 + * ? +* 2010 n-SiC拉曼散射光谱的温度特性 + * ? +* 2015 Probing optical phonon thermal and defect properties of 3C-SiC Si (001) + * ? +* 2008 Raman analysis of defects in n-type 4H-SiC + * ? +* 1972 Raman Scattering from Electronic Excitations in n-Type Silicon Carbide + * ? +* 2016 Raman scattering properties of structural defects in SiC 讨论了 6H-SiC 中一些缺陷的拉曼特征 + * ? +* 1999 Resonance enhancement of electronic Raman scattering from nitrogen defect levels in silicon carbide + * ? +* 1997 Raman Investigation of SiC Polytypes + 综述,前半部分研究晶型、层错、离子注入损伤导致的拉曼,后半部分电子性质导致的拉曼。 + 有讨论到 p-SiC,他认为自由电子会贡献一个连续带,直到大约 1000 cm-1。更详细的讨论在引用文献 54(未发表)和 55(Si) + * Interaction between electronic and vibronic Raman scattering in heavily doped silicon + * Spatial characterization of doped SiC wafers by Raman spectroscopy +* 2005 Raman scattering characterization on SiC + 内容杂,不好概括,但与 p 型无关 + * 2005 Deep ultraviolet Raman scattering characterization of ion-implanted SiC crystals + 使用拉曼研究 SiC 离子注入再退火后,恢复得怎样。使用的是 p 型外延的 SiC。 +* 2006 Raman spectroscopy study of heavy-ion-irradiated α-SiC + 研究 3C 离子注入后,拉曼如何改变。其中提到了 Si-Si 与 C-C 键的拉曼峰的位置。 +* 2010 Effect of doping on the Raman scattering of 6H-SiC crystals + 这个看起来有正经研究我们需要的内容,需要仔细看看。 + 他认为,掺杂之后,无论是 N 还是 Al,6H 的一阶峰都会红移,而二阶峰不受到影响。 \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/SiC/Machine-learning enhanced thermal stability investigation of single Shockley stacking faults in 4H-SiC.pdf b/SiC/Machine-learning enhanced thermal stability investigation of single Shockley stacking faults in 4H-SiC.pdf new file mode 100644 index 0000000..99d9b75 --- /dev/null +++ b/SiC/Machine-learning enhanced thermal stability investigation of single Shockley stacking faults in 4H-SiC.pdf @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:96b58fe0d6455bef4d08e9f0ae604539747c74f77a01d307bb2a4de678ffb92d +size 5042464 diff --git a/SiC/碳化硅晶体材料缺陷图谱.pdf b/SiC/碳化硅晶体材料缺陷图谱.pdf new file mode 100644 index 0000000..13c8798 --- /dev/null +++ b/SiC/碳化硅晶体材料缺陷图谱.pdf @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:2428ed7ef70d11ee3a09aecb4dca2e36263970996d548b02de02c717be9608b7 +size 3804159 diff --git a/SiC/碳化硅晶体生长与缺陷.pdf b/SiC/碳化硅晶体生长与缺陷.pdf new file mode 100644 index 0000000..079bac0 --- /dev/null +++ b/SiC/碳化硅晶体生长与缺陷.pdf @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:e7a407dfbf982b40b7b4f52f152ea5f1c77cdd3c289df5cdb9eb1bdc43c84a64 +size 106656885 diff --git a/拉曼/A novel micro-Raman technique to detect and characterize 4H-SiC stacking faults.pdf b/拉曼/A novel micro-Raman technique to detect and characterize 4H-SiC stacking faults.pdf new file mode 100644 index 0000000..1137978 --- /dev/null +++ b/拉曼/A novel micro-Raman technique to detect and characterize 4H-SiC stacking faults.pdf @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:ad4d95277c7a2d94334ffef68ad9617a3db9365e9dacc8d68f96e98a958b3358 +size 1696255 diff --git a/拉曼/Application of Raman microscopy to the analysis of silicon carbide monofilaments.pdf b/拉曼/Application of Raman microscopy to the analysis of silicon carbide monofilaments.pdf new file mode 100644 index 0000000..ed6a7b6 --- /dev/null +++ b/拉曼/Application of Raman microscopy to the analysis of silicon carbide monofilaments.pdf @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:736ef8e3e9b8d05a352dbd3e43ba9a92dcea0fc05cf0d36e360499e3350dcaf1 +size 448734 diff --git a/拉曼/Characterization of the free‐carrier concentrations in doped β‐SiC crystals by Raman scattering.pdf b/拉曼/Characterization of the free‐carrier concentrations in doped β‐SiC crystals by Raman scattering.pdf new file mode 100644 index 0000000..0d6610b --- /dev/null +++ b/拉曼/Characterization of the free‐carrier concentrations in doped β‐SiC crystals by Raman scattering.pdf @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:d37c6469c79e55657159025093d07903d4c175eaca431ffb24b8e289bd9b5477 +size 1155110 diff --git a/拉曼/Coordinated EDX and micro-Raman analysis of presolar silicon carbide: A novel, nondestructive method to identify rare subgroup SiC.pdf b/拉曼/Coordinated EDX and micro-Raman analysis of presolar silicon carbide: A novel, nondestructive method to identify rare subgroup SiC.pdf new file mode 100644 index 0000000..139f6dd --- /dev/null +++ b/拉曼/Coordinated EDX and micro-Raman analysis of presolar silicon carbide: A novel, nondestructive method to identify rare subgroup SiC.pdf @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:4b8c95c3a8689240c1244e64cfc1ca27ec1b49ad8a74d6be62f98587522faf47 +size 1106175 diff --git a/拉曼/Deep ultraviolet Raman scattering characterization of ion-implanted SiC crystals.md b/拉曼/Deep ultraviolet Raman scattering characterization of ion-implanted SiC crystals.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..e389c4f --- /dev/null +++ b/拉曼/Deep ultraviolet Raman scattering characterization of ion-implanted SiC crystals.md @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@ +# Deep ultraviolet Raman scattering characterization of ion-implanted SiC crystals + +## Abstract + +在两个不同的温度(室温、500 摄氏度)下离子注入 P,并在不同温度下退火,然后使用拉曼研究注入量和恢复情况。 + diff --git a/拉曼/Deep ultraviolet Raman scattering characterization of ion-implanted SiC crystals.pdf b/拉曼/Deep ultraviolet Raman scattering characterization of ion-implanted SiC crystals.pdf new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d451e16 --- /dev/null +++ b/拉曼/Deep ultraviolet Raman scattering characterization of ion-implanted SiC crystals.pdf @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:7b580b48881d22c14a0598bd485a296172f2f29f353ce7cd20e0c530b267cd89 +size 677559 diff --git a/拉曼/Detection of stacking faults in 6H-SiC by Raman scattering.pdf b/拉曼/Detection of stacking faults in 6H-SiC by Raman scattering.pdf new file mode 100644 index 0000000..0979407 --- /dev/null +++ b/拉曼/Detection of stacking faults in 6H-SiC by Raman scattering.pdf @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:2899841887888816b45a859ada04c91e3c0eddac228198e723ba37ec92bbb5d0 +size 606113 diff --git a/拉曼/Effect of Impurities on the Raman Scattering of 6H-SiC Crystals.pdf b/拉曼/Effect of Impurities on the Raman Scattering of 6H-SiC Crystals.pdf new file mode 100644 index 0000000..90afe78 --- /dev/null +++ b/拉曼/Effect of Impurities on the Raman Scattering of 6H-SiC Crystals.pdf @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:3c58649ba4a5ff2ff7c8c0b2e24ff23d7e57c4e39ffec896554cc4c3454e0a40 +size 581362 diff --git a/拉曼/Effect of doping on the Raman scattering of 6H-SiC crystals.md b/拉曼/Effect of doping on the Raman scattering of 6H-SiC crystals.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..e69de29 diff --git a/拉曼/Effect of doping on the Raman scattering of 6H-SiC crystals.pdf b/拉曼/Effect of doping on the Raman scattering of 6H-SiC crystals.pdf new file mode 100644 index 0000000..92346b9 --- /dev/null +++ b/拉曼/Effect of doping on the Raman scattering of 6H-SiC crystals.pdf @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:d72c8f2a3501c989a1e0866afb68a3c7c2645a8164dfe122c8874b65df73cdc1 +size 303217 diff --git a/拉曼/First- and second-order Raman scattering from semi-insulating 4H-SiC.pdf b/拉曼/First- and second-order Raman scattering from semi-insulating 4H-SiC.pdf new file mode 100644 index 0000000..0126e49 --- /dev/null +++ b/拉曼/First- and second-order Raman scattering from semi-insulating 4H-SiC.pdf @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:f4e370562120654282028d3497cb8bbcebdbc9657dc8bb0a50786e316594a80b +size 57332 diff --git a/拉曼/Formation and annealing of nitrogen-related complexes in SiC.md b/拉曼/Formation and annealing of nitrogen-related complexes in SiC.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..f9bca34 --- /dev/null +++ b/拉曼/Formation and annealing of nitrogen-related complexes in SiC.md @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +# Formation and annealing of nitrogen-related complexes in SiC \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/拉曼/Formation and annealing of nitrogen-related complexes in SiC.pdf b/拉曼/Formation and annealing of nitrogen-related complexes in SiC.pdf new file mode 100644 index 0000000..9fcb825 --- /dev/null +++ b/拉曼/Formation and annealing of nitrogen-related complexes in SiC.pdf @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:dddf5078b963b8ffa1c8c6d99e139557ee586fdcb2f01f87f3d1a3e2dd4c126f +size 405679 diff --git a/拉曼/Interaction between electronic and vibronic Raman scattering in heavily doped silicon.pdf b/拉曼/Interaction between electronic and vibronic Raman scattering in heavily doped silicon.pdf new file mode 100644 index 0000000..c5a6e9d --- /dev/null +++ b/拉曼/Interaction between electronic and vibronic Raman scattering in heavily doped silicon.pdf @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:a9bd228930e83c0ccfa2b455937170fcf347b8236e7a6d1ef3506eb2605dcdd1 +size 287302 diff --git a/拉曼/Light Scattering in Solids I.md b/拉曼/Light Scattering in Solids I.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..74ff101 --- /dev/null +++ b/拉曼/Light Scattering in Solids I.md @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +resonant Raman scattering 是什么?似乎是需要两个激光? + diff --git a/拉曼/Light scattering by a multicomponent plasma coupled with longitudinal-optical phonons Raman spectra of p-type GaAs Zn.md b/拉曼/Light scattering by a multicomponent plasma coupled with longitudinal-optical phonons Raman spectra of p-type GaAs Zn.md index bfc1e0b..06684b9 100644 --- a/拉曼/Light scattering by a multicomponent plasma coupled with longitudinal-optical phonons Raman spectra of p-type GaAs Zn.md +++ b/拉曼/Light scattering by a multicomponent plasma coupled with longitudinal-optical phonons Raman spectra of p-type GaAs Zn.md @@ -44,9 +44,26 @@ p型的情况更复杂。一方面载流子迁移率更低,一方面空穴往 将这三种因素加起来,就是总的极化率的变化。 -最终的结果是,通常情况下,CPPM 有两部分组成,一部分是声子的贡献,是实数,一部分是电荷密度的抖动造成的影响,是虚数,两者可以直接相加。但如果激光的能量接近禁带的能量,就会有别的效应;在我们的论文中避免了这种情况。 +最终的结果是,通常情况下,CPPM 有两部分组成,一部分是声子的贡献,是实数,一部分是电荷密度的抖动造成的影响,是虚数,两者可以直接相加。 +但如果激光的能量接近禁带的能量,就会有别的效应;在我们的论文中避免了这种情况。 -​ +--- +这里记录一下我还没有理解的地方: +* 为什么拉曼散射强度随空间角的变化是这个公式: + $$ + I = \frac{\partial^2\sigma}{\partial\Omega\partial\omega} = \left(\frac{\omega_s}{c}\right)^4 + \left(\frac{\omega_s}{\omega_l}\right)^2\frac{V^2}{2\pi} \int \dd t \exp(i\omega t) + \langle i|\delta\chi(q, t)\delta\chi^\dagger(q,0)|i\rangle + $$ + +* 为什么强度与电极化率的变化的平方成正比?(从量子力学的角度解释) +* 电子或空穴的有效质量是如何定义的?(为什么可以用于静电场以外的情况) + +* plasmon的频率是如何计算出来的?如何理解这个频率? + +* plasmon的阻尼到底有来自哪些的因素?(自发辐射,声子) + +* diff --git a/拉曼/Observation of surface polarity dependent phonons in SiC by deep ultraviolet Raman spectroscopy.pdf b/拉曼/Observation of surface polarity dependent phonons in SiC by deep ultraviolet Raman spectroscopy.pdf new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6c1c9af --- /dev/null +++ b/拉曼/Observation of surface polarity dependent phonons in SiC by deep ultraviolet Raman spectroscopy.pdf @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:47ec03d61aca7a6118cfef70eec6cc7a51ef43163b3f865f7a3cbcc056e2404b +size 116473 diff --git a/拉曼/Optical Properties of Vanadium and Nitrogen Doped 4H and 6H-SiC.pdf b/拉曼/Optical Properties of Vanadium and Nitrogen Doped 4H and 6H-SiC.pdf new file mode 100644 index 0000000..cfc312a --- /dev/null +++ b/拉曼/Optical Properties of Vanadium and Nitrogen Doped 4H and 6H-SiC.pdf @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:c8ae9d062b07efbf072240aa35f371f530475c78bd4ab0bbeb611cc1a7eba055 +size 924623 diff --git a/拉曼/Photoexcited carrier dynamics in semi-insulating 4H-SiC by Raman spectroscopy.pdf b/拉曼/Photoexcited carrier dynamics in semi-insulating 4H-SiC by Raman spectroscopy.pdf new file mode 100644 index 0000000..ad54ff2 --- /dev/null +++ b/拉曼/Photoexcited carrier dynamics in semi-insulating 4H-SiC by Raman spectroscopy.pdf @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:9093d759d92af49c5b19afb13c706ae9989d16433e4a60baa2adef1d8edb0a9a +size 3792237 diff --git a/拉曼/Photoluminescence and Raman spectroscopy characterization of boron- and nitrogen-doped 6H silicon carbide.pdf b/拉曼/Photoluminescence and Raman spectroscopy characterization of boron- and nitrogen-doped 6H silicon carbide.pdf new file mode 100644 index 0000000..c454e8e --- /dev/null +++ b/拉曼/Photoluminescence and Raman spectroscopy characterization of boron- and nitrogen-doped 6H silicon carbide.pdf @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:d20c8305c7936f657cdb0f800997e6d275cf83f0b99036694d1cc1eab1c8a91c +size 287411 diff --git a/拉曼/Probing optical phonon thermal and defect properties of 3C-SiC Si (001).md b/拉曼/Probing optical phonon thermal and defect properties of 3C-SiC Si (001).md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..7f2056e --- /dev/null +++ b/拉曼/Probing optical phonon thermal and defect properties of 3C-SiC Si (001).md @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +这里提到,630 附近的那个峰可能是替位杂质导致的 diff --git a/拉曼/Raman Investigation of SiC Polytypes.pdf b/拉曼/Raman Investigation of SiC Polytypes.pdf new file mode 100644 index 0000000..7c06431 --- /dev/null +++ b/拉曼/Raman Investigation of SiC Polytypes.pdf @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:0c8eb88a93392d5eec79d6023862bc79eb8cf1279b28c8d874ef5fb0c20db62a +size 487489 diff --git a/拉曼/Raman Scattering from Electronic Excitations in n-Type Silicon Carbide.md b/拉曼/Raman Scattering from Electronic Excitations in n-Type Silicon Carbide.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..4cde94f --- /dev/null +++ b/拉曼/Raman Scattering from Electronic Excitations in n-Type Silicon Carbide.md @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +# Raman Scattering from Electronic Excitations in n-Type Silicon Carbide + +这篇文章主要研究了两片 6H,N 掺杂浓度分别为 4E18 和 6E19。此外还顺便研究了一下 15R。 + +6H 有三个自旋谷分裂导致的峰,分别在 13.0 60.3 62.6 meV,它们分别对应于 h 位和两个 k 位,并且都是 1s(A1)到 1s(E)的跃迁。 +TODO:这里的 1s 是指什么? +由此可以推测,导带底应该在 ML 线上。 + +对于 LOPC,L+ 严重地左右不对称,L- 很小并且很宽。 diff --git a/拉曼/Raman Scattering from Electronic Excitations in n-Type Silicon Carbide.pdf b/拉曼/Raman Scattering from Electronic Excitations in n-Type Silicon Carbide.pdf new file mode 100644 index 0000000..903e45d --- /dev/null +++ b/拉曼/Raman Scattering from Electronic Excitations in n-Type Silicon Carbide.pdf @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:0675397399dc27c6e5092dc7252ab4d194c368761b5458b5d28404c1b83dafc2 +size 1428347 diff --git a/拉曼/Raman Scattering in Materials Science.md b/拉曼/Raman Scattering in Materials Science.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..486c937 --- /dev/null +++ b/拉曼/Raman Scattering in Materials Science.md @@ -0,0 +1,43 @@ +基本都是光子的电场与电子耦合得到散射。 +磁场的耦合很小。原子核直接与光子的耦合也很小。 + +这本书认为是 electric susceptibility + +resonant Raman processes 就是让激光的频率接近禁带,由此导致带间(inerband)跃迁,这个过程可以增强拉曼散射,以此看到更多较弱的过程。 +并且有许多更多的性质。这个研究可能最近几年比较火。 +包括一些表面的电子行为,这可以用来研究量子阱和超晶格等二维结构。 + +对于声子引起的高次拉曼散射,可以不是 Gamma 点的,只要它们的 q 的合等于光子的 k 的变化(差不多是零)就可以了。 +这个过程与声子的态密度有关,一般发生在频率随 q 的偏导数为零的地方(称为 critical points)。 + +当平移对称性被破坏后,k 可以不守恒。这包括缺陷的聚集、固溶体、合金、非晶体。 +对于没有破坏的方向,有时仍然可以使用 k 来表示(仍然守恒) + +对于有强烈吸收的材料,k 也会不守恒。这时 k 被定义为一个复数,虚部有特别的定义。 +这时,一个范围内的声子都可以被激发,这个范围大概是 kL 的虚部加上 kS 的虚部。 +光谱中主要部分将仍然是 Gamma 附近的,但其它 critical points 的结果也会有。 + +对于一次拉曼过程,对应于 \chi 对原子坐标的一阶导数。二次拉曼则对应于二阶导数。 +求导过程也不局限于声子,plasma wave(即 plasmon)也是可以的。 +有时也不一定用声子而是更局域的变量,例如考虑磁振子(magnon)时。 +这些都是宏观理论。 + +本书认为,拉曼散射强度正比于 $| e_s \delta \chi e_L |^2$。 + +$$ +\delta \chi = \sum R_{ij} Q + ... +$$ + +本书认为,大多情况下,$R_{ij}$ 是对称的,只有当接近共振(是指什么共振?)时,才会有反对称的成分。 +这是由于时间反演对称性导致的(为什么?) +对于没有时间反演对称性的情况(例如,磁振子,或与自旋翻转有关的过程),拉曼张量将会主要是反对称的。(为什么?) + +可以比较背散射情况下,垂直和平行偏振时,强度的比值。一般这个比值在0到0.75之间。 +对于 \delta\chi 只有对角线元素的情况,这个比值很小,称为 polarized mode,对于这个比值比较大的情况,称为 depolarized mode。 + +在共振的情况下,根据群论推导出来的禁止的模式可能会变得允许,甚至比原本允许的模式更强。 + +stokes 和 反 stokes 的强度与温度有关,这并不令人惊讶。然而细节上来说,它是如何推导到的呢? + + + diff --git a/拉曼/Raman scattering characterization on SiC.pdf b/拉曼/Raman scattering characterization on SiC.pdf new file mode 100644 index 0000000..5234df9 --- /dev/null +++ b/拉曼/Raman scattering characterization on SiC.pdf @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:e54a774caa98ab7c8501a7bff4f10e6550846eae543f9d7c7a8e3fbd6f7ee835 +size 241607 diff --git a/拉曼/Raman scattering study on phonon anisotropic properties of SiC.pdf b/拉曼/Raman scattering study on phonon anisotropic properties of SiC.pdf new file mode 100644 index 0000000..4a963d2 --- /dev/null +++ b/拉曼/Raman scattering study on phonon anisotropic properties of SiC.pdf @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:f11524b24ce69919b00f4b231c8925690477546ae7a0b9a32386317dfbac8c9e +size 1880461 diff --git a/拉曼/Raman spectroscopic study of femtosecond laser-induced phase transformation associated with ripple formation on single-crystal SiC.md b/拉曼/Raman spectroscopic study of femtosecond laser-induced phase transformation associated with ripple formation on single-crystal SiC.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..bc4a835 --- /dev/null +++ b/拉曼/Raman spectroscopic study of femtosecond laser-induced phase transformation associated with ripple formation on single-crystal SiC.md @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +Raman spectroscopic study of femtosecond laser-induced phase transformation associated with ripple formation on single-crystal SiC + diff --git a/拉曼/Raman spectroscopic study of femtosecond laser-induced phase transformation associated with ripple formation on single-crystal SiC.pdf b/拉曼/Raman spectroscopic study of femtosecond laser-induced phase transformation associated with ripple formation on single-crystal SiC.pdf new file mode 100644 index 0000000..7d7693d --- /dev/null +++ b/拉曼/Raman spectroscopic study of femtosecond laser-induced phase transformation associated with ripple formation on single-crystal SiC.pdf @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:e728b9c51d890a0d4eb7c4c88b533912e24d3eee0ee30c265313e337505a5d5f +size 400482 diff --git a/拉曼/Raman spectroscopy study of heavy-ion-irradiated α-SiC.pdf b/拉曼/Raman spectroscopy study of heavy-ion-irradiated α-SiC.pdf new file mode 100644 index 0000000..90b060f --- /dev/null +++ b/拉曼/Raman spectroscopy study of heavy-ion-irradiated α-SiC.pdf @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:a5cc5114eab6e2ca1c33b9c6e8bbd468a4ff63ff53d8febe730ac4671f818520 +size 905707 diff --git a/拉曼/Resonance enhancement of electronic Raman scattering from nitrogen defect levels in silicon carbide.md b/拉曼/Resonance enhancement of electronic Raman scattering from nitrogen defect levels in silicon carbide.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6124c5c --- /dev/null +++ b/拉曼/Resonance enhancement of electronic Raman scattering from nitrogen defect levels in silicon carbide.md @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +# Resonance enhancement of electronic Raman scattering from nitrogen defect levels in silicon carbide + +* 提到了 Fano 共振,引用了文献 6 +* 提到了 4H 中共 4 个与 N 有关的峰,三个在 400-600 之间,一个在 57 处(需要在低温下才能看到)。 + 认定这些峰是测试了不同浓度的片子,发现随着浓度升高而出现了这些峰;没有解释原理。 + 注意峰的个数比 N 掺杂的位点要多。 + 530 处的峰他认为可能还有隐藏的(因为 530 的峰不对称)。 + 作者认为可能与 N 的振动有关,但没有给定理由。 +* 500 开始到之后,出现了一个底座(pedestral),他们认为是与某种二阶散射有关,对应文献 11 15 +* 随着掺杂浓度增加,530 的峰会左移。 +* 200 处的 Fano 共振,引用了文献 10 +* 对于 6H 中的各种可能与 N 有关的峰,作者与其它文献做了对比,结果一致,包括 6 8 +* 掺杂的片子带有一些绿色,表示它们在红色和红外附近有一些吸收(引用了文献 16 17),它们认为可能与 N 杂质能级有关, + 可能是掺杂导致的深能级。 + 关于金刚石中的 N 掺杂引起的深能级,引用了文献 18。关于使用红外测试这些深能级,引用了文献 19 20 21 diff --git a/拉曼/Resonance enhancement of electronic Raman scattering from nitrogen defect levels in silicon carbide.pdf b/拉曼/Resonance enhancement of electronic Raman scattering from nitrogen defect levels in silicon carbide.pdf new file mode 100644 index 0000000..4ebbf37 --- /dev/null +++ b/拉曼/Resonance enhancement of electronic Raman scattering from nitrogen defect levels in silicon carbide.pdf @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:654325e481406fc218ba0cdfe50db9600262b9a1da903504637ce66096adc03c +size 650427 diff --git a/拉曼/Spatial characterization of doped SiC wafers by Raman spectroscopy.pdf b/拉曼/Spatial characterization of doped SiC wafers by Raman spectroscopy.pdf new file mode 100644 index 0000000..8a301cf --- /dev/null +++ b/拉曼/Spatial characterization of doped SiC wafers by Raman spectroscopy.pdf @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:91e69b089b75a4ac80411d08003751e086272196f59f16ea14cbf1441058a2b6 +size 706542 diff --git a/拉曼/Spin exchange dynamics in 4H SiC monocrystals with different nitrogen donor concentrations.md b/拉曼/Spin exchange dynamics in 4H SiC monocrystals with different nitrogen donor concentrations.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..527e6ae --- /dev/null +++ b/拉曼/Spin exchange dynamics in 4H SiC monocrystals with different nitrogen donor concentrations.md @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +# Spin exchange dynamics in 4H SiC monocrystals with different nitrogen donor concentrations + diff --git a/拉曼/Spin exchange dynamics in 4H SiC monocrystals with different nitrogen donor concentrations.pdf b/拉曼/Spin exchange dynamics in 4H SiC monocrystals with different nitrogen donor concentrations.pdf new file mode 100644 index 0000000..9a26eee --- /dev/null +++ b/拉曼/Spin exchange dynamics in 4H SiC monocrystals with different nitrogen donor concentrations.pdf @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:29876db5af7189b3cbf000705630aa5c7caa48240644b216b4b8035f3c4c8ce6 +size 2632141 diff --git a/拉曼/Synthesis and characterization of boron doped diamond β-SiC composite films.pdf b/拉曼/Synthesis and characterization of boron doped diamond β-SiC composite films.pdf new file mode 100644 index 0000000..85c7c35 --- /dev/null +++ b/拉曼/Synthesis and characterization of boron doped diamond β-SiC composite films.pdf @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:fb27a315c9953b479a52f766d45a768ec9b05ebfb3d3bc5403565cdd42d6a220 +size 2582413 diff --git a/拉曼/Temperature dependence of Raman scattering in bulk 4H-SiC with different carrier concentration.pdf b/拉曼/Temperature dependence of Raman scattering in bulk 4H-SiC with different carrier concentration.pdf new file mode 100644 index 0000000..30d3808 --- /dev/null +++ b/拉曼/Temperature dependence of Raman scattering in bulk 4H-SiC with different carrier concentration.pdf @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:a236b43f085a123caea23a4a822a4ccdf73c387c2be07f4dbfa2664d2e2ceeda +size 953665 diff --git a/拉曼/The Quantum Theory of Radiation.md b/拉曼/The Quantum Theory of Radiation.md index e69de29..fa7f8de 100644 --- a/拉曼/The Quantum Theory of Radiation.md +++ b/拉曼/The Quantum Theory of Radiation.md @@ -0,0 +1,357 @@ +# The Quantum Theory of Radiation + +这本书可能是因为年代久远,一些定义与我们的不同。 + +* $\nu$ 直接表示圆频率而不是频率,即为我们的 $2\pi\nu$。 +* $k$ 的大小为一个光子的能量而不是我们的波矢,即为我们的 $\hbar ck$ + +## I. Classical Theory of Radiation + +### 1. The General maxwell-Lorentz Theory + +#### 1. Field Equations + +没有什么新奇的东西,就是介绍了一下麦克斯韦方程组。 + +$$ + +$$ + +注意这里并没有讨论任何的电介质,也就是这里的 $H$ 只是 $B$ 的一种方便的写法,定义是: +$$ + H = \frac{1}{\mu_0} B +$$ + + +#### 2. Potentials + +引入了矢势和标势。 + +​ 矢势的旋度有公认的定义,但散度有不同的规范。除此以外还差一个常数,但这个常数无关紧要,因为(至少到目前为止),所有使用矢势的地方都是用的它的导数。 + +标势的定义是公认的,在静电场中,它与通常的电势一致。它也有一个不确定的常数,基于同样的理由,这个常数无关紧要。 + +公认的是: +$$ +H = \nabla\times A \\ +E + \frac1c \pdv{A}{t} = - \nabla \varphi +$$ +洛仑兹规范是指: +$$ +\nabla\cdot A + \frac1c \pdv{\varphi}{t} = 0 +$$ +基于此规范,麦克斯韦方程组中的场量($E$ 和 $H$)可以被完全抛弃掉,麦克斯韦方程组完全等价于: +$$ +\begin{aligned} +\frac{1}{c^2}\pdv[2]{A}{t} - \nabla^2 A &= \frac{4\pi}{c} \rho v \\ +\frac{1}{c^2}\pdv[2]{\varphi}{t} - \nabla^2 \varphi &= 4\pi \rho +\end{aligned} +$$ + +注意这时,$A$ 和 $\varphi$ 仍然没有完全确定,也就是其中仍然包含过多的信息(除了上述的常量)。具体来说,这个过多的信息是:任取一个标量场,使得它满足: +$$ +\nabla^2\chi -\frac{1}{c^2}\pdv[2]{\chi}{t}=0 +$$ +那么,将 $A$ 替换为 $A + \nabla\chi$,$\varphi$ 替换为 $\varphi - \frac{1}{c}\pdv{\chi}{t}$,得到的结果依然是等价的。 + +如果使用库伦规范: +$$ +\nabla \cdot A = 0 +$$ +那么,麦克斯韦方程组中的场量也可以完全抛弃,但得到的式子不对称: +$$ +\begin{aligned} +\frac{1}{c^2}\pdv[2]{A}{t} - \nabla^2 A + \frac1c \nabla \pdv{\varphi}{t} &= \frac{4\pi}{c} \rho v \\ +\nabla^2 \varphi &= -4\pi \rho +\end{aligned} +$$ + +可以看到,在这种情况下,标势完全是静电势(哪怕实际上不是静电场)。 + +之后用得比较多的是洛仑兹规范。 + +#### 3. Retarded potentials + +介绍了延迟势的概念。即:如果认为所有的电磁场追根究底都是由于电荷引起的,那么某一个位置上的势,由其它位置、一段时间之前的电荷密度(或电流密度)决定,具体多久时间之前取决于两点之间距离。这个结果就是之前麦克斯韦方程组的解。 + +具体来说,在库伦规范下,可以推导得到: +$$ +\varphi(r) = \int \frac{\rho(r')}{|r - r'|} \dd{r'} +$$ + +在洛伦兹规范下,可以推导得到: +$$ +\begin{aligned} +\varphi(r, t) &= \int \frac{\rho(r', t - |r - r'|/c)}{|r - r'|} \dd{r'} \\ +A(r) &= \frac1c \int \frac{(\rho v)(r', t - |r - r'|/c)}{|r - r'|} \dd{r'} +\end{aligned} +$$ + +由这两个结果,加上洛仑兹规范的定义,原则上就可以解出所有的电磁场。 + +#### 4. Energy and momentum balance + +接下来提到“动量”时,实际指的都是动量乘以光速,这个量具有能量的单位,比较容易处理。 + +接下来它推导了电磁场的能量,以及在电磁场中粒子的运动(假定它只受电磁力)。推导结果与绝大多数教科书一致,即假定电磁场能量为 $E\times H$,也即将被影响的微观粒子的动能也计入电磁场的能量。 + +### 2. Lorentz invariance, momentum, and energy of the field + +#### 1. Lorentz transformations + +定义四维坐标,前三个维度就是空间坐标,第四个维度是 $ict$。把四维坐标记为 $x$。 + +这里还讨论了,如果一个函数或者张量在洛仑兹变换下不变,那么它们需要具有什么样的性质。 + +#### 2. Invariance of the Maxwell equations + +在使用洛仑兹规范时,可以将麦克斯韦方程组写成一个方程(通过将三维的向量和张量都补全成四维),这个方程在洛伦兹变换下保持不变。具体来说,包括: + +* 将电荷密度和电流密度组装成一个四维向量 $i$,第四个维度是 $ic\rho$。 + +* 将矢势和标势组装成一个四维向量,第四个维度是 $i\varphi$。这时洛仑兹规范写为: + $$ + \sum_\mu \pdv{A_\mu}{x_\mu} = 0 + $$ + 麦克斯韦方程组写为: + $$ + \nabla^2 A = -\frac{4\pi}{c}i + $$ + +* 将电磁场写为一个反对称张量: + $$ + f = + \begin{pmatrix} + 0 & H_z & -H_y & -iE_x \\ + -H_z & 0 & H_x & -iE_y \\ + H_y & -H_x & 0 & -iE_z \\ + iE_x & iE_y & iE_z & 0 + \end{pmatrix} + $$ + 麦克斯韦方程组也有对应的写法。 + +#### 3. The lorentz force. Momentum and energy of a particle + +考虑带电物质在电磁场中的受力。按照通常的想法定义力密度 $k$,可以知道: +$$ +k = \rho E+\frac1c \rho v\cdot H +$$ +这里 $k$ 是三维的向量。把它的第四个维度补上: +$$ +k_4 = \frac{i}{c}\rho E\cdot v +$$ + +考虑一个粒子(或者说,一团带电物质)的机械动量(乘以 $c$,作为前三个维度)和动能(乘以 $i$,作为第四个维度),可以得到: +$$ +c\int k_1 \dd r \dd t = u_1 = cp_x \\ +c\int k_4 \dd r \dd t = u_4 = iT +$$ +向量 $u$ 被称为粒子的四维速度。可以检验,洛仑兹变换只改变这个向量的方向,不改变这个向量的“长度的平方”(自己与自己的“内积”,这里“内积”按照表面来计算,允许出现负数),并将这个向量的“长度的平方”的相反数定义为 $u^2$,$u^2$ 在洛仑兹变换下保持不变: +$$ +u^2 = T^2 - (u_x^2 + u_y^2 + u_z^2) +$$ +考虑粒子静止时(也就是拿它自己作为参考系时)的能量,可以得到:$u^2=mc^2$。这里 $m$ 指的是静止质量。 + +再定义一个四维向量 $p$(与上面的 $p_x$ 不同,它不是机械动量): +$$ +p = u + eA +$$ +这里的 $p$ 的前三个维度指的是总动量(当然,乘以了一个 $c$),最后一个维度指的是总能量(乘以 $i$)。 + +TODO: 为什么? + +这个向量被称为动量-能量向量。它满足: +$$ +\sum_\mu (p_\mu - eA_\mu)^2 = -u^2 +$$ +若将第四个维度(能量)拆分出来,就可以得到: +$$ +\sum_\mu(p_\mu-eA_\mu)^2-(E-e\varphi)^2=-u^2 +$$ +也就是: +$$ +E=e\varphi+\sqrt{\sum_\mu(p_\mu-eA_\mu)^2+u^2} +$$ + +#### 4. Non-electromagnetic nature of the inertial mass + +#### 5. 'Particle properties' of light waves + +### 3. Field of a point charge and emission of light + +#### 1. The Wiechert potentials. + +对于运动的点电荷,它导致的势场不再是 $1/r$ 的简单形式。 +它同时会给出一个电标势和一个磁矢势。 +这个章节详细推导了这个过程。 +这个推导过程会用到之前洛仑兹变换相关的理论。 + +#### 2. Field strengths of an arbitrarily moving point charge + +尽管可以由势求导得到场,但需要考虑两个参考系之间的洛伦兹变换(一些变量是在另一个参考系里),所以导致求得的结果很复杂。 + +#### 3. The Hertzian vector of a system of charges. Dipole and quadripole moment + +这里推导了距离观察点很远处的电荷运动引起的电磁场,其中前几项分别是电偶极子、电四极子、磁偶极子的贡献。 + +在推导的过程中,不拘泥于电荷具体是如何运动的(只要运动范围远远小于到观察点的距离就行)。 +运动方式抽象成一个函数,叫 $Z$。 +将具体的运动代入就可以解出具体情况下的场。 + +#### 4. Emission of light + +没什么特殊的。 + +### 4. Reaction of the field, line breadth + +运动(指加速度不为零)的带电粒子会辐射能量,导致它运动得越来越慢(指幅度减小等,不是仅指速度减小)。 +为了考虑这个过程,我们有两个方法。第一种方法分为两步: +1. 假定不损失能量(运动不减慢),计算它的运动导致的场。 +2. 计算它受到自己产生的电磁场的作用,这个作用会导致它运动逐渐减慢。 +第二种方法则是直接一步计算出结果。 +第二种方法除了给出这个结果,还会给出其它的有用结果。 + +#### 1. First way: the energy balance + +使用能量守恒(辐射出去的能量等于受到的阻力)来计算。 +结论是:受到的阻力与电荷量的平方成正比,与加速度成正比。 + +#### 2. Second way: the self-force + +先按照在一个空间内分布有一些电荷来计算,最后再将这些电荷集中到一个点上取极限。 +可以看到,最低阶的近似与第一种方法的结果一致,并且与电荷如何分布的无关; + 更高阶的近似则与电荷如何分布的有关,且当电荷分布在一个点上时,这个结果会消失。 + +当考虑到相对论效应时(如果电荷运动得很快),得到的结果会有一些不同。 + +#### 3. Self-energy + +这里讨论了粒子自身的质量是否可能全部是由电磁力导致的,结论是否定的,也就是纯粹的电荷系统不能保持稳定。 + +#### 4. Line breadth + +按照以上理论,谐振子将不会永远振动下去,它发射的光谱线会有一定的宽度。 +这个宽度是 $\gamma/2$,$\gamma$ 就是那个阻尼系数。 + +### 5. Scattering, absorption + +#### 1. Scattering by free electrons + +这里推导了单个电子造成的散射。 +在波长不太小(远大于电子半径)的情况下,各个方向的散射光的强度的总和与入射光的频率无关, + 只与入射光的强度和测试点距离电子的距离有关(成正比并且比例系数是一个常数)。 +这里的 + +#### 2. Scattering by an oscillator + +可以得到:如果谐振子的频率与入射光频率相差很远,那么散射强度将较小,进一步如果谐振子频率很低,结果和自由电子接近; + 如果谐振子频率与入射光很接近,散射将很强。 + +#### 3. Absorption + +可以得到:在远离共振频率时,吸收强度与频率无关,并且吸收较小; + 在接近共振频率时,吸收强度很大,并且与时间、入射强度成正比。 + +### 6. The field as a superposition of plane waves. Hamiltonian form of the field equations + +将电磁理论使用哈密顿力学表出。 + +#### 1. The pure radiation field + +假定要研究的空间中没有电荷也没有电流,那么就有: + +$$ +\begin{aligned} +\frac{1}{c^2}\pdv[2]{A}{t} - \nabla^2 A &= 0 \\ +\frac{1}{c^2}\pdv[2]{\varphi}{t} - \nabla^2 \varphi &= 0 +\end{aligned} +$$ + +取 $\chi = \varphi ct$,带入替换,就可以得到 $\varphi = 0$,也就是电磁场将由 $A$ 完全决定(通过第一个式子和洛仑兹规范),即: + +$$ +\begin{aligned} +\frac{1}{c^2}\pdv[2]{A}{t} - \nabla^2 A &= 0 \\ +\nabla \cdot A &= 0 +\end{aligned} +$$ + +注意到方程是线性的。将 $A$ 分解到一系列正交归一(指箱归一化)的基上,并取定基不随时间变化、系数不随空间变化。这里的基可以取为稍后导出的哈密顿量的本征态,也可以是别的,只要是一系列正交归一的矢量就可以了。 +$$ +A = \sum_\lambda q_\lambda(t)A_\lambda(r) +$$ +这里的归一是指: +$$ +\int(A_\lambda\cdot A_\mu)\dd r = 4\pi c^2\delta_{\lambda\mu} +$$ +并定义 $v_\lambda$ 使得: +$$ +\pdv[2]{q_\lambda}{t}+v_\lambda^2q_\lambda=0 +$$ +那么就有: +$$ +\begin{aligned} +\nabla^2 A_\lambda+\frac{v_\lambda^2}{c^2}A_\lambda &= 0 \\ +\nabla \cdot A_\lambda &= 0 +\end{aligned} +$$ +电磁场能量: +$$ +U=\frac{1}{8\pi}\int(E^2+H^2)\dd{r} +$$ +容易算出对应 $q_\lambda A_\lambda$ 的能量是: +$$ +U_\lambda =\frac12\left((\pdv{q_\lambda}{t})^2+v_\lambda^2q_\lambda^2\right) +$$ +由于正交,由 $A_\lambda$ 导出的电磁场也是正交的,这导致总能量也是其的叠加。 + +在相当多的情况下,我们使用的电磁场都是三角函数,并因此经常将电磁场写成复数的形式,其中的实部对应于实际的物理量,虚部仅仅为了方便计算而存在。 + +在经典哈密顿力学看来,直接引入复数会导致广义坐标和动量变得不正则(不是实数),也即导致哈密顿方程不再成立;需要略微修改结果才行。这些细节没有必要再讨论。 + +#### 2. Hamiltonian of a particle + +使用之前的推导,可以得知粒子的哈密顿量为: +$$ +E=e\varphi+\sqrt{\sum_\mu(p_\mu-eA_\mu)^2+u^2}, u^2=mc^2 +$$ +其中 $A_\mu$ 指粒子所在位置的三维的矢势,$m$ 指粒子的静止质量,$p_\mu$ 指粒子的总动量(不仅仅是机械动量)。 + +#### 3. General system of particles and field. + +## II. Quantum Theory of the Pure Radiation Field + +TODO: 只读了 7。 + +### 7. Quantization of the radiation field + +#### 1. Introduction + +没有什么稀奇的。 + +#### 2. Quantization of the pure radiation field + +将矢势拆分成一系列的平面波,量子的不连续性体现在平面波前面的系数上不能取任意值,而只能是某个值的整数倍。 + +#### 3. The state vector of the radiation field. + +除了海森堡图景和薛定谔图景,常用的还有一个叫“相互作用绘景”,这时时间导致的影响一部分被归结到态矢量上、一部分被归结到算符上。对于只辐射的情况来说,相互作用绘景与海森堡绘景是一样的。具体来说: + +* 薛定谔绘景中,态矢量上面随时间演化的相位,在相互作用绘景中被归结到算符上(就像海森堡绘景那样) +* 态矢量上面的时间呢?还没有讨论到。 + +## III. The Electron Field and its Interaction with Radiation + +### 11. The relativistic wave + +#### 1. Dirac's equation + +### 19. Dispersion and Raman effect + +在这一节中,我们考虑一个原子造成的散射。 +散射可能是瑞丽散射(散射前后原子状态相同),也可能是拉曼散射(散射前后原子状态不同)。 +考虑入射光子能量比原子振动的能量相近还是大得多,大得多的情况下,电子可以作为自由电子考虑,这会在第 22 节中详细讨论,这里只讨论差不多的情况。 +TODO: 这是什么意思? + +这样的光大约是 + diff --git a/拉曼/The Raman effect in crystals.md b/拉曼/The Raman effect in crystals.md index 844375a..0836d14 100644 --- a/拉曼/The Raman effect in crystals.md +++ b/拉曼/The Raman effect in crystals.md @@ -30,6 +30,9 @@ 一些声子模式会改变材料的电极化率(即外加电场会导致多少比率的电偶极矩),这些模式对应拉曼散射。 理论上分析 Gamma 点的声子模式,它在各个方向上应该是对称的; 但对于稍微偏离 Gamma 点的声子模式,它们的对称性可能会被破坏(只要不是立方晶系),导致不完全简并。 + +此外,对于红外活性的声子模式,它可能与电子发生耦合,导致拉曼散射的声子模式将不是位于 Gamma 点的那些。 + 对于没有中心反演对称性的晶体,它的光学支声子模式大多可以同时满足上面两点;对于有中心反演对称性的晶体,则大多只能满足其中一点。 根据对称性,将晶体分为三类讨论。 diff --git a/拉曼/Wetting and interfacial behavior of CueAl SiC systems: Influences of Si ion implantation and Al concentration.pdf b/拉曼/Wetting and interfacial behavior of CueAl SiC systems: Influences of Si ion implantation and Al concentration.pdf new file mode 100644 index 0000000..63c1391 --- /dev/null +++ b/拉曼/Wetting and interfacial behavior of CueAl SiC systems: Influences of Si ion implantation and Al concentration.pdf @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:80fd18ee7618e312f109773f1cbf0166faeb2288f928b5dfdcd15e8f8535306f +size 3828386 diff --git a/拉曼/n-SiC拉曼散射光谱的温度特性.md b/拉曼/n-SiC拉曼散射光谱的温度特性.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..882955b --- /dev/null +++ b/拉曼/n-SiC拉曼散射光谱的温度特性.md @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@ +# n-SiC拉曼散射光谱的温度特性 + +* 随着温度升高,大多数峰会向左移动,表明晶格恢复力减小。 +* A1(LO)模式会向右移动。 +* LOPC先右移再左移。 +* 他认为 4H 中 N 有四个峰,395 处的峰是局域模(引用文献 17),526、572 为自旋谷分裂(引用文献 5),635 处为深能级缺陷(引用文献 5)。 diff --git a/拉曼/n-SiC拉曼散射光谱的温度特性.pdf b/拉曼/n-SiC拉曼散射光谱的温度特性.pdf new file mode 100644 index 0000000..eff748e --- /dev/null +++ b/拉曼/n-SiC拉曼散射光谱的温度特性.pdf @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:fb725b33939922d5022fa3f7781d9592ce93b8e6c2e55a7073beaf71df31fe3f +size 650361 diff --git a/拉曼/n-SiC的电子拉曼散射及二级拉曼谱研究.md b/拉曼/n-SiC的电子拉曼散射及二级拉曼谱研究.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..71b0372 --- /dev/null +++ b/拉曼/n-SiC的电子拉曼散射及二级拉曼谱研究.md @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +# n-SiC的电子拉曼散射及二级拉曼谱研究 + +这篇文章给出了很多有用的信息,包括 +* 200 左右的那个峰,它们将它的不对称性解释为 Fano 共振。这意味着背景中有一个其它原因的散射。这个是什么?(原文:较宽的电子态) +* 在他们的实验中(掺杂浓度比较高),LOPC 只有一个峰,并且随着掺杂浓度的增加,会向右移动。 + 它们这里同时这里给出了 LOPC 的拟合公式,我们可以尝试用它来拟合一下我们的数据。 +* 他们认为,N 会导致一些 400 到 650 之间的峰,产生的原因主要是自旋导致的能谷分裂。(N-14 的核自旋为 1)。这是真的吗?(是否可以与计算对比) +* 395 处的 N 电子峰,他们认为会受到特定波长的激光(更长)的影响而增强。这是真的吗?(与文献 6 对比) +* 给出了一些参考文献,包括: + * 6,为 4H 的拉曼电子散射 + * 13,为 6H 的 510 附近的“电子缺陷” + * 14,计算了 6H 里 N 的能谷分裂大小 + * 16,“指出掺氮 SiC 中电子拉曼散射信号的数目要大于不等效施主位的数目” + * 17,理论预测的复合点缺陷(N_CC_Si) +* 还讨论了二次拉曼的结果。 + diff --git a/拉曼/n-SiC的电子拉曼散射及二级拉曼谱研究.pdf b/拉曼/n-SiC的电子拉曼散射及二级拉曼谱研究.pdf new file mode 100644 index 0000000..9c06263 --- /dev/null +++ b/拉曼/n-SiC的电子拉曼散射及二级拉曼谱研究.pdf @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:b9f09855580aad0cec2af4a05da42fb7187c1e33862e9857aeaf8b7ab4de7b9a +size 291840 diff --git a/拉曼/碳化硅单晶抛光片.md b/拉曼/碳化硅单晶抛光片.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..610dd4e --- /dev/null +++ b/拉曼/碳化硅单晶抛光片.md @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +只有常见的几个拉曼峰,没有细节上我们怀疑存在的峰。 + diff --git a/拉曼/碳化硅单晶抛光片.pdf b/拉曼/碳化硅单晶抛光片.pdf new file mode 100644 index 0000000..508eef4 --- /dev/null +++ b/拉曼/碳化硅单晶抛光片.pdf @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:a54399a8469e7223471b03d5fb9d367d57d527c90896e10b47ea73fa52c4fbcd +size 2907915